Night camp control starts before darkness and before stress A controlled night camp isn’t about turning your campsite into a fortress. It’s about reducing ambiguity when everyone’s senses are degraded. Darkness, fatigue, cold, and unfamiliar terrain all combine to make simple mistakes more likely. Your job is to build procedures
Read More
Brackish and Saltwater Reality: Why “A Little” Can Make Things Worse Salinity, osmosis, and the kidney problem you can’t out-muscle Saltwater isn’t just “dirty water.” It’s water with a salt load your body can’t process without paying a fee in more water. Your kidneys can only concentrate urine to a
Read More
Avalanche terrain basics that hikers and snowshoers routinely miss Avalanche terrain is not a “mountaineers only” problem. If you hike or snowshoe in winter, you’re in the same physics as everyone else: snow on a slope, plus a trigger, plus a weak layer, equals motion. The reason hikers get hurt
Read More
Scree, Talus, and Rockfall: What You’re Actually Walking On Loose terrain is one of those hazards that feels “optional” until it isn’t. One minute you’re on a normal trail, and the next you’re on ball-bearing gravel, a ridge of shifting blocks, or a gully that funnels rockfall like a bowling
Read More
Splints that hold start with the mission: stabilize, don’t decorate When someone’s hurt, it’s easy to get busy doing something that looks medical without actually improving the situation. In the field, a splint has one job: prevent the injured area from moving in ways that worsen damage and pain. If
Read More
Temperature Reality Check: Why “Warm Enough” Sleep Systems Fail in the 20s Cold-weather sleep systems fail for predictable reasons. It’s rarely because you didn’t buy an expensive enough bag. Most failures come from heat loss to the ground, moisture building up in insulation, and small setup mistakes that compound at
Read More
Priorities when a cut happens far from help: control bleeding, prevent shock, protect the patient A backcountry cut is rarely just a “skin problem.” If rescue is delayed, your priorities look a lot like disciplined field medicine: stop life-threatening bleeding, keep the person warm and calm, then move into cleaning
Read More
Hypothermia is a performance failure, not a temperature number What hypothermia really is in the field Hypothermia starts when your core temperature drops low enough that your body can’t keep up with heat loss. In the real world you often won’t have a thermometer. Even if you did, you don’t
Read More
Why All-Weather Fires Fail: Moisture, Heat Loss, and Timing Rain and snow don’t “put out” your fire as much as they steal your heat budget. Every wet stick you add forces the fire to spend energy boiling water before it can climb in temperature. That’s why you can have visible
Read More
Food Safety Discipline When There’s No Fridge and No Backup Backcountry food safety is mostly about systems, not heroics. In the military, you learn quickly that small lapses compound. One dirty canteen mouth or one knife used for raw meat and then for tortillas can turn a good trip into
Read More